The Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV) test is a widely used and non-destructive technique for assessing the quality of concrete structures with two accessible. In this method, an ultrasonic device generates electronic pulses, which are then converted into vibration waves (frequency: 20 to 250 kHz) by transmitter transducers. These waves traverse through the concrete and are captured by a receiver transducer, registering as a signal. The device accurately measures the time taken for the waves to propagate through the concrete with a precision of ±0.1 microsecond.
Subsequently, the velocity of the waves is determined by considering the direct path length between the transducers. The velocity in concrete serves as an indicator of its quality, uniformity, and strength. A classification of concrete quality based on ultrasonic pulse velocity measurements is provided in the table below.